{"id":2638,"date":"2016-11-21T01:11:48","date_gmt":"2016-11-21T01:11:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/?page_id=2638"},"modified":"2024-09-02T15:06:16","modified_gmt":"2024-09-02T15:06:16","slug":"fisica-termica","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/raciocinio-logico\/fisica-termica\/","title":{"rendered":"F\u00edsica T\u00e9rmica"},"content":{"rendered":"

Racioc\u00ednio L\u00f3gico<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

F\u00edsica T\u00e9rmica<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Como esse conte\u00fado envolve muita teoria, em caso de d\u00favidas voc\u00ea pode encontr\u00e1-la em <\/span><\/span><\/span>fisicaevestibular.com.br \u2013 F\u00edsica T\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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01-(UFPR-PR)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Uma <\/b><\/span><\/span>pizza a\u00a0185<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C\u00a0foi retirada de um\u00a0forno quente.<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Entretanto, somente <\/b><\/span><\/span>quando a\u00a0temperatura<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

atingir 65<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C\u00a0ser\u00e1 poss\u00edvel segurar um de seus peda\u00e7os com as m\u00e3os nuas,\u00a0sem se queimar.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Suponha que a\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>temperatura T\u00a0da pizza, em graus\u00a0Celsius, possa ser descrita em\u00a0fun\u00e7\u00e3o do tempo t, <\/b><\/span><\/span>em <\/b><\/span><\/span>minutos, pela express\u00e3o T = 160 \u00d7 2<\/b><\/span><\/span>-0,8xt<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0+25.<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Qual o <\/b><\/span><\/span>tempo necess\u00e1rio para que se possa segurar um peda\u00e7o dessa pizza com as m\u00e3os nuas, sem se queimar?<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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02-(UNESP-SP)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Para <\/b><\/span><\/span>testar os conhecimentos de\u00a0termof\u00edsica<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0de seus alunos, o\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>professor\u00a0prop\u00f5e um exerc\u00edcio <\/b><\/span><\/span>de<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

calorimetria\u00a0no qual s\u00e3o\u00a0misturados 100 g de \u00e1gua l\u00edquida a 20 \u00baC com 200 g de uma liga met\u00e1lica a 75 \u00baC.<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O <\/b><\/span><\/span>professor informa<\/b><\/span><\/span> que o\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>calor espec\u00edfico da <\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00e1gua l\u00edquida<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u00e9 1 cal\/(g.\u00baC)\u00a0e o <\/b><\/span><\/span>da liga \u00e9<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a00,1 cal\/<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(g.\u00baX), onde\u00a0X \u00e9 uma escala arbitr\u00e1ria <\/b><\/span><\/span>de temperatura,<\/b><\/span><\/span> cuja\u00a0rela\u00e7\u00e3o com a escala Celsius est\u00e1 representada no gr\u00e1fico.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Obtenha uma\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>equa\u00e7\u00e3o de convers\u00e3o entre as escalas X e Celsius<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0e, considerando que a <\/b><\/span><\/span>mistura sejafeita dentro de umcalor\u00edmetro ideal,<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0calcule a\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>temperatura final da mistura, na escala Celsius, depois de atingido o\u00a0equil\u00edbrio t\u00e9rmico.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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03-(AFA)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Disp\u00f5e-se de duas m\u00e1quinas t\u00e9rmicas de Carnot.<\/b><\/span><\/span> A <\/b><\/span><\/span>m\u00e1quina 1 trabalha entre as temperaturas de 227 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00b0C e 527 \u00b0C, enquanto a m\u00e1quina 2 opera entre 227 K e 527 K.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Analise<\/b><\/span><\/span> as <\/b><\/span><\/span>afirmativas a seguir<\/b><\/span><\/span> e <\/b><\/span><\/span>responda<\/b><\/span><\/span> ao que <\/b><\/span><\/span>se pede.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

I.<\/b><\/span><\/span> A <\/b><\/span><\/span>m\u00e1quina 2 tem maior rendimento<\/b><\/span><\/span> que a <\/b><\/span><\/span>m\u00e1quina 1.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

II.<\/b><\/span><\/span> Se <\/b><\/span><\/span>a m\u00e1quina 1 realizar um trabalho de 2000 J ter\u00e1 retirado 6000 J <\/b><\/span><\/span>de <\/b><\/span><\/span>calor da fonte quente.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

III.<\/b><\/span><\/span> Se a <\/b><\/span><\/span>m\u00e1quina 2 retirar 4000 J de calor da fonte quente<\/b><\/span><\/span> ir\u00e1 <\/b><\/span><\/span>liberar aproximadamente 1720 J de calor para a fonte fria.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

IV.<\/b><\/span><\/span> Para uma <\/b><\/span><\/span>mesma quantidade de calor retirada da fonte quente <\/b><\/span><\/span>pelas <\/b><\/span><\/span>duas m\u00e1quinas, a m\u00e1quina 2 rejeita mais calor para a fonte fria.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e3o <\/b><\/span><\/span>corretas <\/b><\/span><\/span>apenas<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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04-(UNESP-SP)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Entre 6 e 23 de fevereiro <\/b><\/span><\/span>aconteceram os\u00a0Jogos Ol\u00edmpicos de Inverno de 2014.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dentre as <\/b><\/span><\/span>diversas modalidades esportivas, o<\/b><\/span><\/span>curling<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9 um <\/b><\/span><\/span>jogo disputado entre duas equipes sobre uma\u00a0pista de gelo,<\/b><\/span><\/span> seu <\/b><\/span><\/span>objetivo consiste em fazer com que uma\u00a0pedra de granito\u00a0em forma de disco<\/b><\/span><\/span> fique o <\/b><\/span><\/span>mais\u00a0pr\u00f3ximo de um alvo circular.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Vassouras\u00a0s\u00e3o utilizadas pelas equipes para\u00a0varrer a superf\u00edcie do gelo\u00a0na frente da pedra, <\/b><\/span><\/span>de modo a <\/b><\/span><\/span>influenciar tanto sua dire\u00e7\u00e3o como sua velocidade.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A intensidadeda <\/b><\/span><\/span>fric\u00e7\u00e3o e a press\u00e3o aplicada pelos atletas durante o processo de varredura<\/b><\/span><\/span> podem fazer com que a <\/b><\/span><\/span>velocidade da pedra mude em at\u00e9 20%\u00a0devido \u00e0 forma\u00e7\u00e3o de uma pel\u00edcula de \u00e1gua l\u00edquida entre a pedra e a pista.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>gr\u00e1fico a<\/b><\/span><\/span>presenta o <\/b><\/span><\/span>diagrama de fases da \u00e1gua.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Com <\/b><\/span><\/span>base nas\u00a0informa\u00e7\u00f5es constantes<\/b><\/span><\/span> no <\/b><\/span><\/span>texto<\/b><\/span><\/span> e no <\/b><\/span><\/span>gr\u00e1fico,<\/b><\/span><\/span> a\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>seta\u00a0que representa corretamente a transforma\u00e7\u00e3o promovida pela varredura <\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00e9 a de\u00a0n\u00famero<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

05-(UFG-GO)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Uma\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>longa ponte\u00a0foi constru\u00edda e instalada com\u00a0blocos de concreto de 5 m de comprimento\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>a uma<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

t<\/b><\/span><\/span>emperatura de 20 \u00b0C\u00a0em uma regi\u00e3o na qual a\u00a0temperatura varia ao longo do ano entre 10 \u00b0C e 40 \u00b0C.<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>concreto destes blocos\u00a0tem\u00a0coeficiente de dilata\u00e7\u00e3o linear de 10<\/b><\/span><\/span>-5<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0\u00b0C<\/b><\/span><\/span>-1<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>.<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nessas condi\u00e7\u00f5es, <\/b><\/span><\/span>qual\u00a0dist\u00e2ncia em cm\u00a0deve ser resguardada entre os blocos na instala\u00e7\u00e3o para que,\u00a0no dia mais quente do ver\u00e3o, a separa\u00e7\u00e3o entre eles seja de 1 cm?<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

06-(UPF-RS)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

O\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>di\u00e2metro\u00a0externo\u00a0de uma arruela de metal \u00e9 de\u00a04,0 cm<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0e seu\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>di\u00e2metro interno \u00e9 de 2,0 cm.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Aumentada a\u00a0temperatura\u00a0da arruela de\u00a0\u0394T,<\/b><\/span><\/span> observa-se que <\/b><\/span><\/span>seu\u00a0di\u00e2metro externo aumentaem\u00a0\u0394d.<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Ent\u00e3o, <\/b><\/span><\/span>pode-se afirmar que seu\u00a0di\u00e2metro interno:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

a)<\/b><\/span><\/span> diminui de \u0394d. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

b)<\/b><\/span><\/span> diminui de \u0394d\/2. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

c)<\/b><\/span><\/span> aumenta de \u0394d. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

d)<\/b><\/span><\/span> aumenta de \u0394d\/2. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

e)<\/b><\/span><\/span> n\u00e3o varia.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

07-(UNISC-RS)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Num <\/b><\/span><\/span>dia de inverno em que a temperatura ambiente \u00e9\u00a0de 5 \u00b0C,<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0o <\/b><\/span><\/span>espa\u00e7amento entre dois trilhos<\/b><\/span><\/span> consecutivos\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>de 50 m de comprimento cada, de uma linha ferrovi\u00e1ria \u00e9 de 4,4 cm.<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sabendo que o\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>coeficiente de dilata\u00e7\u00e3o linear da linha ferrovi\u00e1ria \u00e9 de 1,2.10<\/b><\/span><\/span>-5<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0\u00b0C<\/b><\/span><\/span>-1<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0,<\/b><\/span><\/span> podemos <\/b><\/span><\/span>afirmar<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

que num dia de ver\u00e3o em que a\u00a0temperatura ambiente \u00e9 de 45\u00b0C,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>novo espa\u00e7amento\u00a0entre dois<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

trilhos consecutivos desta linha ferrovi\u00e1ria\u00a0medir\u00e1<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Observa\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/b><\/span><\/span> considere que as extremidades <\/b><\/span><\/span>de trilhos consecutivos est\u00e3o livres para expandir<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

08-(ACAFE-SC)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Largamente utilizados na <\/b><\/span><\/span>medicina, os\u00a0term\u00f4metros cl\u00ednicos\u00a0de\u00a0merc\u00fario\u00a0relacionam <\/b><\/span><\/span>o\u00a0comprimento<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

da\u00a0coluna de merc\u00fario\u00a0com a\u00a0temperatura.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sabendo-se que <\/b><\/span><\/span>quando a\u00a0coluna de merc\u00fario atinge 2,0cm, a temperatura equivale a 34<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0e, <\/b><\/span><\/span>quando\u00a0atinge 14cm, a temperatura equivale a 46<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ao <\/b><\/span><\/span>medir a temperatura<\/b><\/span><\/span> de um paciente com <\/b><\/span><\/span>esse term\u00f4metro, a coluna de\u00a0merc\u00fario atingiu 8,0cm.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span>alternativa\u00a0correta<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0que apresenta a <\/b><\/span><\/span>temperatura do paciente, em\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C,<\/b><\/span><\/span> nessa medi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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09-(UEMA-MA)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Uma\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>m\u00e3e<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0para banhar um\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>rec\u00e9m-nascido precisa de\u00a015L\u00a0de \u00e1gua a\u00a027<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Considerando que a <\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00e1gua\u00a0retirada da torneira est\u00e1 a uma temperatura ambiente de\u00a020\u00baC,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>percentual calculado desse volumede \u00e1gua,<\/b><\/span><\/span> que\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>dever\u00e1 ser colocado para ferver<\/b><\/span><\/span> e, <\/b><\/span><\/span>em seguida, misturado \u00e0 parte n\u00e3o fervida, <\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00e9 de<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

10-(UPE-PE)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Uma <\/b><\/span><\/span>barra de\u00a0coeficiente de dilata\u00e7\u00e3o \u03b1=5\u03c0.10<\/b><\/span><\/span>-4<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0\u00baC<\/b><\/span><\/span>-1<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>,<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>comprimento 2,0 m\u00a0e\u00a0temperatura inicial de 25\u00baC\u00a0est\u00e1 presa a uma parede por meio de um suporte de fixa\u00e7\u00e3o S.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span>outra extremidade<\/b><\/span><\/span> da barra <\/b><\/span><\/span>B est\u00e1 posicionada no topo de um\u00a0disco de raio R = 30 cm.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Quando <\/b><\/span><\/span>aumentamos lentamente a temperatura da barra at\u00e9 um valor final T,<\/b><\/span><\/span> verificamos que o <\/b><\/span><\/span>disco sofre um\u00a0deslocamento angular \u0394\u03b8 = 30\u00ba\u00a0no processo. Observe a figura a seguir:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Supondo que o <\/b><\/span><\/span>disco rola sem deslizar e desprezando os efeitos da temperatura sobre o suporte S<\/b><\/span><\/span> e <\/b><\/span><\/span>tamb\u00e9m sobre o disco,<\/b><\/span><\/span>calcule o <\/b><\/span><\/span>valor de\u00a0T.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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11-(UNICAMP-SP)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Press\u00e3o parcial<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00e9 a\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o\u00a0que um g\u00e1s\u00a0pertencente <\/b><\/span><\/span>a uma <\/b><\/span><\/span>mistura teria se o mesmo g\u00e1s ocupasse sozinho todo o volume dispon\u00edvel.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Na\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>temperatura ambiente, quando a\u00a0umidade relativa do ar \u00e9 de 100%,<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o parcial\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>de\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>vapor de\u00e1gua <\/b><\/span><\/span>vale\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>3,0.10<\/b><\/span><\/span>3\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>Pa.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nesta situa\u00e7\u00e3o,\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span>qual seria a porcentagem de mol\u00e9culas de \u00e1gua no ar?<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Dados: <\/b><\/span><\/span>a\u00a0press\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9ricavale 1,0.10<\/b><\/span><\/span>5<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0Pa.<\/b><\/span><\/span> Considere que o <\/b><\/span><\/span>ar se comporta como um g\u00e1s ideal.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

12-(MACKENZIE-SP)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Um <\/b><\/span><\/span>estudante no laborat\u00f3rio de f\u00edsica,<\/b><\/span><\/span> por descuido, <\/b><\/span><\/span>colocou 200 g de \u00e1gua liquida<\/b><\/span><\/span> (calor espec\u00edfico<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

1 cal\/(g.\u00baC)<\/b><\/span><\/span>) a <\/b><\/span><\/span>100\u00baC no interior de um calor\u00edmetro de capacidade t\u00e9rmica 5 cal\/\u00baC,<\/b><\/span><\/span> que <\/b><\/span><\/span>cont\u00e9m 100 gde \u00e1gua a 20 \u00baC.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span>massa de \u00e1gua l\u00edquida a 0 \u00baC,<\/b><\/span><\/span> que esse aluno dever\u00e1 <\/b><\/span><\/span>adicionar no calor\u00edmetro,<\/b><\/span><\/span> para que a <\/b><\/span><\/span>temperatura de equil\u00edbrio t\u00e9rmico volte a ser 20 \u00baC, \u00e9<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

13-(UNESP-SP)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

As <\/b><\/span><\/span>medi\u00e7\u00f5es da eleva\u00e7\u00e3o do n\u00edvel dos mares e oceanos<\/b><\/span><\/span>feitas por <\/b><\/span><\/span>mare\u00f3grafos<\/b><\/span><\/span> ao <\/b><\/span><\/span>longo da costa,<\/b><\/span><\/span> no<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

per\u00edodo de <\/b><\/span><\/span>1880 a 2000,<\/b><\/span><\/span> mostram que o <\/b><\/span><\/span>n\u00edvel global destes subiu a uma taxa m\u00e9dia de 1,7 cm<\/b><\/span><\/span> por <\/b><\/span><\/span>d\u00e9cada.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

J\u00e1 as medi\u00e7\u00f5es realizadas<\/b><\/span><\/span> por <\/b><\/span><\/span>alt\u00edmetros-radares a bordo de sat\u00e9lites de sensoriamentoremoto,<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"para o per\u00edodo de <\/b><\/span><\/span>1990 a 2000<\/b><\/span><\/span>, indicam que o <\/b><\/span><\/span>n\u00edvel subiu a uma taxa m\u00e9dia de 3,1 cm por d\u00e9cada.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Admitindo que as condi\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas<\/b><\/span><\/span> que provocam <\/b><\/span><\/span>esta eleva\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o se alterem nos pr\u00f3ximos 50anos,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o <\/b><\/span><\/span>n\u00edvel global dos mares e oceanos dever\u00e1 subir nesse per\u00edodo, em cm,<\/b><\/span><\/span>entre<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

14-(UNESP-SP)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Na <\/b><\/span><\/span>Copa Libertadores da Am\u00e9rica de 2012,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o time do <\/b><\/span><\/span>Santos<\/b><\/span><\/span> perdeu de 2 a 1 para o <\/b><\/span><\/span>Bol\u00edvar,<\/b><\/span><\/span> da<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bol\u00edvia, em La Paz.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O <\/b><\/span><\/span>fraco desempenho f\u00edsico<\/b><\/span><\/span> do time santista em campo <\/b><\/span><\/span>foi atribu\u00eddo \u00e0 elevada altitude da cidade,<\/b><\/span><\/span> onde os <\/b><\/span><\/span>jogadores desembarcaram \u00e0s v\u00e9speras do jogo.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Duas semanas depois, jogando em Santos, SP, o time santista ganhou do Bol\u00edvar por 8 a 0.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Considerando a <\/b><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica, a mec\u00e2nica e a fisiologia da respira\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span> e, ainda, o <\/b><\/span><\/span>desempenhof\u00edsico dos jogadores do Santos nesses dois jogos, \u00e9 correto afirmar que em Santos a press\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica \u00e9<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(A)menor que em La Paz,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o que implica <\/b><\/span><\/span>menor esfor\u00e7o dos m\u00fasculos intercostais<\/b><\/span><\/span> e do <\/b><\/span><\/span>diafragma <\/b><\/span><\/span>para fazer chegaraos pulm\u00f5es a quantidade necess\u00e1ria de O<\/b><\/span><\/span>2<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>. Disso resulta saldo energ\u00e9tico positivo, o que melhora o desempenhof\u00edsico dos jogadores quando o jogo acontece em cidades de baixa altitude.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(B) maior que em La Paz,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o que implica <\/b><\/span><\/span>maior esfor\u00e7o dos m\u00fasculos intercostais<\/b><\/span><\/span> e do <\/b><\/span><\/span>diafragma<\/b><\/span><\/span> para fazer chegaraos pulm\u00f5es a quantidade necess\u00e1ria de O<\/b><\/span><\/span>2<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>. Em Santos, portanto, o maior esfor\u00e7o f\u00edsico dos m\u00fasculos envolvidoscom a respira\u00e7\u00e3o resulta na melhora do desempenho f\u00edsico dos atletas no jogo.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(C)menor que em La Paz,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o que implica <\/b><\/span><\/span>maior esfor\u00e7o dos m\u00fasculos intercostais e do diafragma<\/b><\/span><\/span> para fazer chegaraos pulm\u00f5es a quantidade necess\u00e1ria de O<\/b><\/span><\/span>2<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>. Tanto em Santos quanto em La Paz a quantidade de O<\/b><\/span><\/span>2<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u00a0por volumede ar inspirado \u00e9 a mesma, e a diferen\u00e7a no desempenho f\u00edsico dos jogadores deve-se apenas ao esfor\u00e7o empregado na respira\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(D)maior que em La Paz,<\/b><\/span><\/span> por\u00e9m \u00e9 <\/b><\/span><\/span>menor a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00a0O<\/b><\/span><\/span>2<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u00a0por volume de ar atmosf\u00e9ricoinspirado.<\/b><\/span><\/span> Em La Paz,portanto, o organismo do atleta reage diminuindo a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de hem\u00e1cias, pois \u00e9 maior a quantidade de O<\/b><\/span><\/span>2<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>dispon\u00edvel nos alv\u00e9olos. A menor quantidade de hem\u00e1cias resulta no baixo desempenho f\u00edsico dos jogadores.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(E)maior que em La Paz,<\/b><\/span><\/span> assim como \u00e9 <\/b><\/span><\/span>maior a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de O<\/b><\/span><\/span>2\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>por volume de ar atmosf\u00e9ricoinspirado.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>Em Santos, portanto,<\/b><\/span><\/span> com maior disponibilidade de oxig\u00eanio, a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de hem\u00e1cias do sangue \u00e9 suficiente paralevar para os tecidos musculares o O<\/b><\/span><\/span>2<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u00a0necess\u00e1rio para a atividade f\u00edsica empregada no jogo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

15-(PUC-PR)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Quando <\/b><\/span><\/span>inalamos, o ar que estava \u00e0 temperatura ambienterecebe<\/b><\/span><\/span> um pouco de <\/b><\/span><\/span>calor dos nossospulm\u00f5es.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Entretanto, ao <\/b><\/span><\/span>colocarmos a m\u00e3o na frente da boca, podemos ter duas sensa\u00e7\u00f5es diferentes:<\/b><\/span><\/span> sentimos um <\/b><\/span><\/span>ar mais frio quando aproximamos bem os l\u00e1bios e expelimos for\u00e7ando muito<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

a<\/b><\/span><\/span>sa\u00edda,<\/b><\/span><\/span> ou sentimos um <\/b><\/span><\/span>ar mais quente quando afastamos mais os l\u00e1bios e soltamos o arvagarosamente.<\/b><\/span><\/span> O que <\/b><\/span><\/span>foi descrito pode ser melhor explicado por qual das alternativas a seguir?<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A)<\/b><\/span><\/span> Em uma das <\/b><\/span><\/span>situa\u00e7\u00f5es o ar estava preso apenas nas bochechas<\/b><\/span><\/span> e na outra o <\/b><\/span><\/span>ar vinha diretamente dos pulm\u00f5es.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

B)<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u00c9 <\/b><\/span><\/span>imposs\u00edvel descobrir<\/b><\/span><\/span> quais s\u00e3o as <\/b><\/span><\/span>causas de tais sensa\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C)<\/b><\/span><\/span> O ar <\/b><\/span><\/span>expelido mais rapidamente sai em menor quantidade<\/b><\/span><\/span> e, desse modo, <\/b><\/span><\/span>demora mais a receber calor.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D)<\/b><\/span><\/span> Essa s<\/b><\/span><\/span>ensa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u00e9 <\/b><\/span><\/span>irreal.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

E)<\/b><\/span><\/span> Essas <\/b><\/span><\/span>diferentes sensa\u00e7\u00f5es ocorrem em decorr\u00eancia das diferen\u00e7as de press\u00e3o sofridas pelo g\u00e1s nos dois processos descritos.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

16-(PUC-RJ)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Tr\u00eas cubos de gelo de 10,0 g,todos<\/b><\/span><\/span> eles a <\/b><\/span><\/span>0,0<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C,<\/b><\/span><\/span> s\u00e3o <\/b><\/span><\/span>colocados dentro de um copo vazio e expostos <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a> \"\"<\/p>\n

ao sol at\u00e9derreterem completamente, ainda a 0,0<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Calcule a <\/b><\/span><\/span>quantidade total de calor requerida para isto ocorrer,<\/b><\/span><\/span> em calorias.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Considere o <\/b><\/span><\/span>calor latente de fus\u00e3o do gelo L<\/b><\/span><\/span>F<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>= 80 cal\/g<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

17-(UFRN-RN)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span>biomassa<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u00e9 uma das <\/b><\/span><\/span>principais fontes de energia renov\u00e1vel<\/b><\/span><\/span> e, portanto, m\u00e1quinas <\/b><\/span><\/span>que a utilizam como combust\u00edvel para gera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia s\u00e3o importantes do ponto de vista ambiental.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Um <\/b><\/span><\/span>exemplo bastante comum \u00e9 o uso da biomassa<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 com o <\/b><\/span><\/span>objetivo de acionar uma turbina a vapor<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>para gerar trabalho.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span>figura mostra,<\/b><\/span><\/span> esquematicamente, uma <\/b><\/span><\/span>usina termoel\u00e9trica simplificada.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nessa <\/b><\/span><\/span>termoel\u00e9trica, a queima da biomassa na fornalha produz calor,<\/b><\/span><\/span> que <\/b><\/span><\/span>aquece a \u00e1gua da<\/b><\/span><\/span> caldeira e\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span>gera vapor a alta press\u00e3o.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O <\/b><\/span><\/span>vapor,<\/b><\/span><\/span> por sua vez, \u00e9 <\/b><\/span><\/span>conduzido por tubula\u00e7\u00f5es at\u00e9 a turbina<\/b><\/span><\/span> que, <\/b><\/span><\/span>sob a a\u00e7\u00e3o deste,<\/b><\/span><\/span> passa a <\/b><\/span><\/span>girar suas p\u00e1s.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Considere desprez\u00edveis\u00a0 as <\/b><\/span><\/span>perdas de calor devido \u00e0s diferen\u00e7as de temperatura entre as partes<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>dessa m\u00e1quina t\u00e9rmica<\/b><\/span><\/span> e o <\/b><\/span><\/span>ambiente.<\/b><\/span><\/span> Nesse contexto,\u00a0 a <\/b><\/span><\/span>varia\u00e7\u00e3o da energia interna da \u00e1gua da caldeira<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A) <\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00e9\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span>maior que a soma do calor a ela fornecido<\/b><\/span><\/span> pela <\/b><\/span><\/span>queima da biomassa<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 com o <\/b><\/span><\/span>trabalho realizado sobre a turbina.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

B)<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u00e9\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span>igual\u00a0 \u00e0 soma do calor a ela fornecido<\/b><\/span><\/span> pela <\/b><\/span><\/span>queima da biomassa<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 com o <\/b><\/span><\/span>trabalho realizado sobre a turbina.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C)<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u00e9\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span>igual\u00a0 \u00e0 diferen\u00e7a entre o calor a ela fornecido <\/b><\/span><\/span>pela <\/b><\/span><\/span>queima da biomassa<\/b><\/span><\/span> e o <\/b><\/span><\/span>trabalho realizado sobre a turbina.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D)<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u00e9\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span>maior que a diferen\u00e7a entre calor a ela fornecido<\/b><\/span><\/span> pela <\/b><\/span><\/span>queima da biomassa<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 e o <\/b><\/span><\/span>trabalho realizado sobre a turbina.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

18-(UFRN-RN)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Atualmente, principalmente em <\/b><\/span><\/span>pequenas cidades do interior do Brasil,<\/b><\/span><\/span> disp\u00f5e-se de <\/b><\/span><\/span>duas op\u00e7\u00f5es de <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

fog\u00f5es<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>residenciais:<\/b><\/span><\/span> o <\/b><\/span><\/span>fog\u00e3o a g\u00e1s (GLP)<\/b><\/span><\/span> e o <\/b><\/span><\/span>fog\u00e3o a lenha.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Desconsiderando <\/b><\/span><\/span>problemas ambientais<\/b><\/span><\/span> que <\/b><\/span><\/span>envolvem o consumo de cada um desses combust\u00edveis,<\/b><\/span><\/span> existe <\/b><\/span><\/span>diferen\u00e7a entre esses fog\u00f5es quanto \u00e0 efici\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica,<\/b><\/span><\/span> ou seja, o <\/b><\/span><\/span>quanto \u00e9 consumido de<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>GLP <\/b><\/span><\/span>ou de <\/b><\/span><\/span>lenha para fornecer a mesma quantidade de calor ao alimento que se quer aquecer.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Por exemplo, as <\/b><\/span><\/span>quantidades de GLP e de lenha necess\u00e1rias para elevar\u00a0 a temperatura de 10 kg de<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>\u00e1gua, de 25<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C para 100<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C, em um fog\u00e3o a g\u00e1s e em um a lenha, s\u00e3o, respectivamente, 0,125 kg e 3,0 kg.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Considerando que a <\/b><\/span><\/span>efici\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica de um fog\u00e3o \u00e9 dada pela raz\u00e3o entre a quantidade de calor absorvida pelo alimento a ser aquecido, Q<\/b><\/span><\/span>A<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>, e a quantidade de calor gerada pela queima de certa quantidade de combust\u00edvel, Q<\/b><\/span><\/span>C<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>, <\/b><\/span><\/span>isto \u00e9, <\/b><\/span><\/span>E = Q<\/b><\/span><\/span>A<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\/Q<\/b><\/span><\/span>C<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>,<\/b><\/span><\/span> determine<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A)<\/b><\/span><\/span> a <\/b><\/span><\/span>quantidade de calor necess\u00e1ria<\/b><\/span><\/span> para <\/b><\/span><\/span>elevar a temperatura de 10 kg de \u00e1gua, de 25<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C para 100<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

B)<\/b><\/span><\/span> a <\/b><\/span><\/span>quantidade de calor gerada pela queima de 0,125 kg de GLP e por 3,0 kg de lenha.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C)<\/b><\/span><\/span> qual dos <\/b><\/span><\/span>dois tipos de fog\u00e3o possui a maior efici\u00eancia energ\u00e9tica. Justifique sua resposta<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>19-(AFA)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

No <\/b><\/span><\/span>gr\u00e1fico a seguir,<\/b><\/span><\/span> est\u00e1 representado o <\/b><\/span><\/span>comprimento L de duas barras A e B em fun\u00e7\u00e3o da temperatura \u03b8.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Sabendo-se que as retas <\/b><\/span><\/span>que representam os comprimentos da barra A e da barra B s\u00e3o paralelas, pode-se afirmar<\/b><\/span><\/span> que a <\/b><\/span><\/span>raz\u00e3o entre o coeficiente de dilata\u00e7\u00e3o linear da barra A e o da barra B \u00e9<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

20-(AFA)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Dois <\/b><\/span><\/span>term\u00f4metros id\u00eanticos,<\/b><\/span><\/span> cuja <\/b><\/span><\/span>subst\u00e2ncia termom\u00e9trica \u00e9 o \u00e1lcool et\u00edlico,<\/b><\/span><\/span> um deles <\/b><\/span><\/span>graduado na<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>escala Celsius<\/b><\/span><\/span> e o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

outro graduado na escala Fahrenheit,<\/b><\/span><\/span> est\u00e3o sendo <\/b><\/span><\/span>usados simultaneamente por um aluno para medir a temperatura de <\/b><\/span><\/span>um <\/b><\/span><\/span>mesmo sistema f\u00edsico no laborat\u00f3rio de sua escola.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nessas condi\u00e7\u00f5es, <\/b><\/span><\/span>pode-se afirmar corretamente<\/b><\/span><\/span> que<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

a)<\/b><\/span><\/span> os <\/b><\/span><\/span>dois term\u00f4metros nunca registrar\u00e3o valores num\u00e9ricos iguais.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

b)<\/b><\/span><\/span> a <\/b><\/span><\/span>altura da coluna l\u00edquida ser\u00e1 igual nos dois term\u00f4metros, por\u00e9m com valores num\u00e9ricos sempre diferentes.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

c) <\/b><\/span><\/span>a <\/b><\/span><\/span>unidade de medida do term\u00f4metro graduado na escala Celsius \u00e9 1,8 vezes maior que a da escala Fahrenheit.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

d)<\/b><\/span><\/span> a <\/b><\/span><\/span>altura da coluna l\u00edquida ser\u00e1 diferente nos dois term\u00f4metros<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

21-(UEL-PR)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

O <\/b><\/span><\/span>cooler,<\/b><\/span><\/span> encontrado em <\/b><\/span><\/span>computadores e em aparelhos eletroeletr\u00f4nicos,<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u00e9 <\/b><\/span><\/span>respons\u00e1vel <\/b><\/span><\/span>pelo <\/b><\/span><\/span>resfriamento do microprocessador<\/b><\/span><\/span> e de <\/b><\/span><\/span>outros componentes.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ele <\/b><\/span><\/span>cont\u00e9m<\/b><\/span><\/span> um <\/b><\/span><\/span>ventilador que faz circular ar entre placas difusoras de calor.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

No caso de <\/b><\/span><\/span>computadores,<\/b><\/span><\/span> as <\/b><\/span><\/span>placas difusoras<\/b><\/span><\/span> \ufb01cam em <\/b><\/span><\/span>contato direto<\/b><\/span><\/span> com o <\/b><\/span><\/span>processador,<\/b><\/span><\/span> conforme a <\/b><\/span><\/span>\ufb01gura a seguir.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Sobre o <\/b><\/span><\/span>processo de resfriamento desse processador,<\/b><\/span><\/span> assinale a <\/b><\/span><\/span>alternativa correta.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

a)<\/b><\/span><\/span> O <\/b><\/span><\/span>calor \u00e9 transmitido das placas difusoras para o processador<\/b><\/span><\/span> e para o <\/b><\/span><\/span>ar atrav\u00e9s do fen\u00f4meno de radia\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

b)<\/b><\/span><\/span> O <\/b><\/span><\/span>calor \u00e9 transmitido do ar para as placas difusoras<\/b><\/span><\/span> e das <\/b><\/span><\/span>placas para o processador atrav\u00e9s do fen\u00f4meno de convec\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

c)<\/b><\/span><\/span> O <\/b><\/span><\/span>calor \u00e9 transmitido do processador para as placas difusoras<\/b><\/span><\/span> atrav\u00e9s do <\/b><\/span><\/span>fen\u00f4meno de condu\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

d)<\/b><\/span><\/span> O <\/b><\/span><\/span>frio \u00e9 transmitido do processador para as placas difusoras<\/b><\/span><\/span> e das <\/b><\/span><\/span>placas para o ar atrav\u00e9s do fen\u00f4meno de radia\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

e) <\/b><\/span><\/span>O <\/b><\/span><\/span>frio \u00e9 transmitido das placas difusoras<\/b><\/span><\/span> para o <\/b><\/span><\/span>ar atrav\u00e9s do fen\u00f4meno de radia\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

22-(UDESC-SC)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Assinale a <\/b><\/span><\/span>alternativa que corresponde \u00e0 temperatura final de equil\u00edbrio <\/b><\/span><\/span>quando <\/b><\/span><\/span>10,0g de gelo \u00e0 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

temperatura de -10,0<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C<\/b><\/span><\/span> s\u00e3o <\/b><\/span><\/span>adicionados a 90,0g de \u00e1gua \u00e0 temperatura de 50,0<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dados:<\/b><\/span><\/span> calor espec\u00edfico do gelo\u00a0 —\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span>c<\/b><\/span><\/span>gelo <\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>= 0,5cal\/g<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C,<\/b><\/span><\/span> calor espec\u00edfico da \u00e1gua\u00a0 —\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span>c<\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00e1gua <\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>= 1 cal\/g<\/b><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C,<\/b><\/span><\/span> calor latente de fus\u00e3o do gelo\u00a0 —\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span>L = 80cal\/g<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>23-(ESCOLA NAVAL)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Um <\/b><\/span><\/span>recipiente cil\u00edndrico<\/b><\/span><\/span> de <\/b><\/span><\/span>se\u00e7\u00e3o reta transversal A = 20,0 cm<\/b><\/span><\/span>2<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>\u00a0\u00e9 <\/b><\/span><\/span>vedado por um \u00eambolo e peso 52,0 N<\/b><\/span><\/span> que pode <\/b><\/span><\/span>deslizar livremente sem atrito.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O <\/b><\/span><\/span>cilindro cont\u00e9m uma amostra de 3,00 litros de g\u00e1s ideal<\/b><\/span><\/span> na <\/b><\/span><\/span>temperatura inicial de 300K.<\/b><\/span><\/span> Separadamente, com o <\/b><\/span><\/span>cilindro nas posi\u00e7\u00f5es vertical e horizontal,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o <\/b><\/span><\/span>g\u00e1s \u00e9 aquecido isobaricamente <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

da temperatura inicial at\u00e9 a temperatura de 400K,<\/b><\/span><\/span> como <\/b><\/span><\/span>mostram as figuras 1 e 2, respectivamente.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span>diferen\u00e7a<\/b><\/span><\/span> entre os <\/b><\/span><\/span>trabalhos realizados pelo g\u00e1s nas posi\u00e7\u00f5es vertical e horizontal,<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>W<\/b><\/span><\/span>v<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u00a0\u2013 W<\/b><\/span><\/span>h,<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\u00a0em <\/b><\/span><\/span>joules,<\/b><\/span><\/span> \u00e9 igual a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dados:<\/b><\/span><\/span> press\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica <\/b><\/span><\/span>P<\/b><\/span><\/span>atm<\/b><\/span><\/sub><\/span>=1,00.10<\/b><\/span><\/span>3<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>N\/m<\/b><\/span><\/span>2<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>;<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>g = 10m\/s<\/b><\/span><\/span>2<\/b><\/span><\/sup><\/span>.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

24-(UFSC-SC)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Em uma <\/b><\/span><\/span>aula experimental de f\u00edsica sobre calorimetria,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o professor pede para que os <\/b><\/span><\/span>alunos aque\u00e7am duas subst\u00e2ncias diferentes, com 400 g cada,<\/b><\/span><\/span> fazendo uso de um <\/b><\/span><\/span>aquecedor el\u00e9trico.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>Desprezando eventuais perdas de calor para o meio ambiente,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o professor <\/b><\/span><\/span>considera a pot\u00eancia<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>efetiva do aquecedor em 400 cal\/min.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O <\/b><\/span><\/span>professor pede que os alunos registrem os dados experimentais<\/b><\/span><\/span> em uma <\/b><\/span><\/span>tabela e construam um<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>gr\u00e1fico.<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Abaixo \u00e9 <\/b><\/span><\/span>apresentado um dos gr\u00e1ficos<\/b><\/span><\/span> constru\u00eddos pelos alunos.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Considere o <\/b><\/span><\/span>gr\u00e1fico acima e responda \u00e0s perguntas<\/b><\/span><\/span> abaixo.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

a) <\/b><\/span><\/span>O <\/b><\/span><\/span>experimento realizado pelos alunos<\/b><\/span><\/span> permite encontrar, atrav\u00e9s <\/b><\/span><\/span>da inclina\u00e7\u00e3o da reta, uma grandeza f\u00edsica caracter\u00edstica de cada subst\u00e2ncia. Qual \u00e9 esta grandeza f\u00edsica?<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

b)<\/b><\/span><\/span> Com base em <\/b><\/span><\/span>princ\u00edpios f\u00edsicos, explicitando o racioc\u00ednio f\u00edsico e matem\u00e1tico,<\/b><\/span><\/span> qual das <\/b><\/span><\/span>subst\u00e2ncias possui o maior valor para a grandeza f\u00edsica apontada no item anterior?<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

c)<\/b><\/span><\/span> Admitindo que a subst\u00e2ncia <\/b><\/span><\/span>A seja uma enzima<\/b><\/span><\/span> e que ela possua <\/b><\/span><\/span>temperatura inicial de 20\u00ba C,<\/b><\/span><\/span> o que <\/b><\/span><\/span>acontece com a enzima ap\u00f3s 30 minutos de aquecimento pelo aquecedor el\u00e9trico mencionado?<\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/b>Justifique sua resposta com base nos princ\u00edpios da f\u00edsica e da biologia. Apresente os c\u00e1lculos necess\u00e1rios.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Confira as resolu\u00e7\u00f5es comentadas<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Racioc\u00ednio L\u00f3gico F\u00edsica T\u00e9rmica Como esse conte\u00fado envolve muita teoria, em caso de d\u00favidas voc\u00ea pode encontr\u00e1-la em fisicaevestibular.com.br \u2013 F\u00edsica T\u00e9rmica   01-(UFPR-PR) Uma pizza a\u00a0185oC\u00a0foi retirada de um\u00a0forno quente.\u00a0Entretanto, somente quando a\u00a0temperatura atingir 65oC\u00a0ser\u00e1 poss\u00edvel segurar um de seus peda\u00e7os com as m\u00e3os nuas,\u00a0sem se queimar. Suponha que a\u00a0temperatura T\u00a0da pizza, em graus\u00a0Celsius, possa ser descrita em\u00a0fun\u00e7\u00e3o do<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2508,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2638","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2638","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2638"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2638\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2643,"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2638\/revisions\/2643"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2508"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2638"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}