{"id":2070,"date":"2016-03-28T21:56:58","date_gmt":"2016-03-28T21:56:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/?page_id=2070"},"modified":"2024-08-21T14:50:31","modified_gmt":"2024-08-21T14:50:31","slug":"mudancas-de-estado-fisico-da-materia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/fisica-termica\/termodinamica\/mudancas-de-estado-fisico-da-materia\/","title":{"rendered":"Mudan\u00e7as de estado f\u00edsico da mat\u00e9ria"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mudan\u00e7as de estado f\u00edsico da mat\u00e9ria<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Caracter\u00edsticas moleculares dos s\u00f3lidos<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Caracter\u00edsticas moleculares dos l\u00edquidos<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Caracter\u00edsticas moleculares dos gases<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Os <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>gases n\u00e3o possuem forma pr\u00f3pria e seu volume \u00e9 vari\u00e1vel<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, j\u00e1 que <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>suas mol\u00e9culas se deslocam em todas as dire\u00e7\u00f5es e sentidos.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0Observe pelo que foi <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>fornecido acima que<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, se voc\u00ea <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>quiser fazer com que um corpo mude de estado f\u00edsico passando de s\u00f3lido para l\u00edquido e depois para gasoso (tem que ser nessa ordem), ele deve receber calor, para aumentar o movimento vibrat\u00f3rio de suas mol\u00e9culas aumentando assim sua temperatura.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n

Do mesmo modo, a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>passagem gasoso, l\u00edquido e s\u00f3lido (nessa ordem), s\u00f3 pode ocorrer se o corpo perder calor (diminuir sua temperatura).<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Mudan\u00e7as de estado f\u00edsico<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Temperatura na fus\u00e3o e na solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nem sempre que um <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>corpo recebe calor, sua temperatura aumenta.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n

Assim, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>por exemplo, aquecendo-se gelo a 0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C sob press\u00e3o normal e mexendo cuidadosamente a mistura at\u00e9 a fus\u00e3o total do gelo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, voc\u00ea <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>n\u00e3o observa aumento de temperatura do conte\u00fado<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, que<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>permanece durante toda a transforma\u00e7\u00e3o sempre com a temperatura de 0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Caracter\u00edsticas da fus\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span>Toda subst\u00e2ncia, sob determinada press\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, sofre <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>fus\u00e3o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>(passagem de s\u00f3lido para l\u00edquido<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> a uma <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>dada temperatura, correspondente \u00e0 press\u00e3o considerada,<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> e que se <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>denomina\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperatura de fus\u00e3o da subst\u00e2ncia <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e que ocorre quando <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a subst\u00e2ncia recebe calor.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span>A temperatura permanecer\u00e1 constante durante toda a mudan\u00e7a de estado, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>desde que a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o permane\u00e7a constante.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n

Como a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 o inverso da fus\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, ela ocorre <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>com libera\u00e7\u00e3o de calor, mas obedecendo \u00e0s mesmas leis.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Se voc\u00ea tiver<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, por exemplo, um <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>peda\u00e7o de gelo a -20<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C recebendo calor sob press\u00e3o normal, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>voc\u00ea <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>observa que:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Graficamente:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Comportamento das subst\u00e2ncias na fus\u00e3o e na solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Algumas subst\u00e2ncias<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, como a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>maior parte dos l\u00edquidos e dos metais<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>aumentam de volume <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ao se <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>fundir <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>diminuem de volume <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ao se <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>solidificar.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n

Outras subst\u00e2ncias <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>(como a \u00e1gua)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> se comportam de maneira oposta.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Devido ao fato de a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e1gua\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>aumentar de volume ao se solidificar<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, uma <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>garrafa cheia de \u00e1gua<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>tampada, se quebra quando a \u00e1gua <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>em seu <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>interior se solidifica <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e um <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>iceberg flutua, pois seu volume aumenta, sua densidade fica menor que a da \u00e1gua, ele fica mais leve que a mesma, flutuando.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\"\"<\/p>\n

Gr\u00e1fico da varia\u00e7\u00e3o da press\u00e3o em fun\u00e7\u00e3o da temperatura de <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

fus\u00e3o-solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o para algumas subst\u00e2ncias e para a \u00e1gua<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperatura de fus\u00e3o ou de solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o varia<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> com a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Observe os <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>gr\u00e1ficos abaixo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> e veja que, no <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>caso da \u00e1gua (gr\u00e1fico da direita) <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>um <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>aumento de press\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

provoca uma diminui\u00e7\u00e3o de\u00a0sua temperatura de fus\u00e3o-solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> e, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>devido \u00e0 esse fato<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> voc\u00ea <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>consegue fundir o gelo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> mesmo que ele esteja a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperaturas abaixo de 0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>submetendo-o \u00e0 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00f5es elevadas, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>fen\u00f4meno denominado<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>regelo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Regelo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fen\u00f4meno pelo qual um aumento de press\u00e3o provoca uma diminui\u00e7\u00e3o da temperatura de fus\u00e3o-solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1gua<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> e, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>devido \u00e0 esse fato<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> voc\u00ea <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>consegue fundir o gelo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> mesmo que ele esteja a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperaturas abaixo de 0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>submetendo-o \u00e0 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00f5es elevadas. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fen\u00f4menos que se pode explicar pelo regelo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" \u00a0<\/span>Experi\u00eancia de Tyndall \"\" <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> quando voc\u00ea <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>apoia um arame fino com pesos nas extremidades, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>sobre um <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>bloco de gelo, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ap\u00f3s certo tempo o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>arame atravessa o gelo <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>barra continua inteira, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>pois o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>aumento da press\u00e3o provocado pelos pesos faz com que a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\"\"<\/p>\n

temperatura de fus\u00e3o do gelo diminua <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>gelo abaixo do fio derreta.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Com o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>derretimento, o fio afunda lentamente e a \u00e1gua acima do mesmo volta a congelar, pois j\u00e1 n\u00e3o existe mais a press\u00e3o do fio.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Ao <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>comprimir fortemente <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>um <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>cubo de gelo contra o outro <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>voc\u00ea verifica que <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>eles ficam \u201csoldados\u201d.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Quando <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>sujeito a press\u00e3o maior que a normal, a temperatura de fus\u00e3o do gelo diminui e ele se funde<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>. Quando a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o volta ao normal, o gelo se recomp\u00f5e.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Caracter\u00edsticas da vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o e condensa\u00e7\u00e3o (liquefa\u00e7\u00e3o)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0Mantida a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o constante, a vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o (l\u00edquido em vapor) ou condensa\u00e7\u00e3o (vapor em l\u00edquido) ocorre\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e0 temperatura<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

constante<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, denominada\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperatura de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0(\u00e0quela press\u00e3o).<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Gr\u00e1fico da varia\u00e7\u00e3o da press\u00e3o em fun\u00e7\u00e3o da temperatura de <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

condensa\u00e7\u00e3o-vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o para algumas subst\u00e2ncias e para a \u00e1gua<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/span>\"\"<\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperatura de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o-liquefa\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1gua e da maioria das subst\u00e2ncias aumenta conforme se aumenta a press\u00e3o (veja gr\u00e1fico) <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>que mostra que, quando a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o aumenta, a temperatura de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m aumenta <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e se a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o diminui, a temperatura de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m diminui.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Ao\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>n\u00edvel do mar<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, a \u00e1gua\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ferve a 100<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>No\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>alto de uma montanha<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, onde a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica \u00e9 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>menor<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e1gua ferve a uma temperatura<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"menor que 100<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

No\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>fundo de uma mina,<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0a \u00e1gua ferver\u00e1 a uma temperatura<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0maior que 100<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Tipos de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

I. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Evapora\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>processo de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>que ocorre <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>num grande intervalo de tempo,\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>que se <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>processa lenta e espontaneamente, independente da temperatura<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, e <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>s\u00f3 acontece na superf\u00edcie do l\u00edquido. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ocorre\u00a0com a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>superf\u00edcie do l\u00edquido exposta ao meio ambiente <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>de onde <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ele retira calor para se evaporar.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> Pode tamb\u00e9m <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>retirar calor do meio com o qual est\u00e1 em contato. Veja casos nas figuras fornecidas:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Rapidez da evapora\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A rapidez com que a evapora\u00e7\u00e3o ocorre:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span>\u00c9 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>inversamente proporcional \u00e0 press\u00e3o. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Observe nas <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>figuras abaixo <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>que a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>maior press\u00e3o comprime mais as mol\u00e9culas de<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>vapor evaporadas, dificultando sua sa\u00edda da superf\u00edcie l\u00edquida. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Portanto, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a evapora\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 mais r\u00e1pida no alto da serra e mais lenta ao n\u00edvel do mar.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span>Depende da natureza do l\u00edquido que est\u00e1 evaporando. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Assim, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>por exemplo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e9ter evapora <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>mais <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>rapidamente que a \u00e1gua; \u00e9 mais vol\u00e1til que ela. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

As <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>mol\u00e9culas do \u00e9ter, do \u00e1lcool (ou da gasolina) se atraem umas \u00e0s outras menos fortemente que as da \u00e1gua, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>sua camada superficial \u00e9 mais fraca. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Por isso o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e9ter, \u00e1lcool (ou a gasolina) se evapora mais rapidamente que a \u00e1gua.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Depende da temperatura da subst\u00e2ncia que est\u00e1 evaporando.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Isso ocorre porque <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>quanto maior a temperatura, maior \u00e9 o movimento vibrat\u00f3rio das mol\u00e9culas do l\u00edquido, tendo assim, mais facilidade para escaparem da superf\u00edcie l\u00edquida.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00c9 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>diretamente proporcional \u00e0 \u00e1rea da superf\u00edcie de l\u00edquido exposta.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Depende da concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de vapor de \u00e1gua (umidade do ar), junto ao l\u00edquido.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

II.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Ebuli\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> processo r\u00e1pido e violento de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, que <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>envolve todo o l\u00edquido com forma\u00e7\u00e3o de bolhas no seu interior.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Exemplo:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/b>\u00e1gua fervendo.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

III.\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Calefa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/b>ocorre <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>quando se coloca um l\u00edquido em contato com uma superf\u00edcie de temperatura maior que a de ebuli\u00e7\u00e3o do l\u00edquido. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nesse processo o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>l\u00edquido gira rapidamente, adquire forma esf\u00e9rica, divide-se em esferas menores que se movem r\u00e1pida e desordenadamente, emitindo um som caracter\u00edstico. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\"\"<\/p>\n

O <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>l\u00edquido n\u00e3o entra em contato <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>com a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>superf\u00edcie aquecida.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Isso ocorre porque <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>quando a camada inferior da gota evapor<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span>, as <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>mol\u00e9culas de \u00e1gua gasosa da camada n\u00e3o t\u00eam para onde escapar<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/b><\/span><\/span>assim que sua <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>presen\u00e7a isola o resto da gota e impede que esta toque a superf\u00edcie quente abaixo. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A gota, assim, permanece por <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>alguns segundos, sem evaporar.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Diagrama de estado – ponto triplo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0As <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>curvas do gr\u00e1fico recebem o nome de diagrama de estado ou diagrama de fases. Nele, para uma dada subst\u00e2ncia:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span>Curva CB <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0\"\" <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 fornece a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperatura e a press\u00e3o, de fus\u00e3o ou solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> e essa <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>curva representa a curva de fus\u00e3o onde os estados s\u00f3lido e l\u00edquido est\u00e3o em equil\u00edbrio ou seja, em qualquer ponto desta curva a subst\u00e2ncia est\u00e1 em um estado de coexist\u00eancia de estados s\u00f3lido e l\u00edquido.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Curva CD<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 \"\"<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>fornece a temperatura e a press\u00e3o, de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o ou condensa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> e essa <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>curva representa a curva de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o onde os estados l\u00edquido e vapor est\u00e3o em equil\u00edbrio<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, ou seja, em <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>qualquer ponto desta curva a subst\u00e2ncia <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>est\u00e1 em um estado de <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>coexist\u00eancia de estados vapor e l\u00edquido.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Curva AC<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 \"\"<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>fornece a temperatura e press\u00e3o, de sublima\u00e7\u00e3o ou cristaliza\u00e7\u00e3o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e essa curva representa a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>curva de sublima\u00e7\u00e3o onde os estados s\u00f3lido e vapor est\u00e3o em equil\u00edbrio, ou seja, em qualquer ponto desta curva a subst\u00e2ncia est\u00e1 em um estado de coexist\u00eancia de estados s\u00f3lido e vapor.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Temperatura Cr\u00edtica<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Thomas Andrews estabeleceu que: <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201c<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Temperatura cr\u00edtica <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e9 aquela <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>acima da qual uma massa gasosa n\u00e3o pode mais sofrer liquefa\u00e7\u00e3o, por maior que seja a press\u00e3o exercida<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u201d. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c0 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o na qual a\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperatura \u00e9 cr\u00edtica<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0d\u00e1-se o nome de<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0press\u00e3o cr\u00edtica.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Veja, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>abaixo, um <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>exemplo da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do diagrama de fases:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Baseado no <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>diagrama de fases <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>voc\u00ea pode, por exemplo, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>efetuar a liquefa\u00e7\u00e3o do vapor que se encontra no estado A por tr\u00eas processos:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Resfri\u00e1- lo sob press\u00e3o constante <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>at\u00e9 atingir o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>estado l\u00edquido (trajeto AD) ou,<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

comprimi-lo \u00e0 temperatura constante (trajeto AB) <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ou ainda <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>resfri\u00e1-lo e comprimi-lo <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>simultaneamente<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> (trajeto AC)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

O que voc\u00ea deve saber, informa\u00e7\u00f5es e dicas<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Mudan\u00e7as de estado f\u00edsico<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0A <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperatura permanece constante durante tora mudan\u00e7a de estado, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>desde que a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o permane\u00e7a constante. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Como a\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 o inverso da fus\u00e3o, ela ocorre com libera\u00e7\u00e3o de calor, mas obedecendo \u00e0s mesmas leis.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Um <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>peda\u00e7o de gelo flutua em equil\u00edbrio t\u00e9rmico <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>com certa <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>quantidade de \u00e1gua depositada em um balde. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c0 medida que o gelo derrete <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>n\u00edvel da \u00e1gua no balde n\u00e3o se altera.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>densidade do gelo \u00e9 menor que a densidade da \u00e1gua <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ou seja, o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>gelo ocupa mais espa\u00e7o do que a quantidade de \u00e1gua equivalente.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0Assim, o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>volume de \u00e1gua proveniente do gelo derretido \u00e9 igual ao volume de gelo que estava imerso. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Por esse motivo, o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>n\u00edvel da \u00e1gua no balde n\u00e3o se altera.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Observa\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> Baseado nisso, observe que o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>derretimento de um iceberg (que fica flutuando parcialmente imerso na \u00e1gua) n\u00e3o altera o n\u00edvel do mar. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Mas, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>existe <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>muito gelo sobre as montanhas <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>muito mais gelo sobre o continente do Polo Sul. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00c9 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>justamente este gelo que, ao derreter, escorre para o mar e contribui para o aumento do n\u00edvel de \u00e1gua.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c9 poss\u00edvel comprovar esse fen\u00f4meno fisicamente: <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Como o gelo e a \u00e1gua se encontram em equil\u00edbrio <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>t\u00e9rmico, a temperatura de ambos \u00e9 igual a 0\u00baC. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sendo <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>m<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>G<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> a massa de gelo, V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>i<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> o volume de gelo imerso e d<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> a densidade da \u00e1gua, temos no equil\u00edbrio de for\u00e7as <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>para o gelo flutuando que o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>empuxo E <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>(vertical e para cima) <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>deve ser igual ao peso P <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>(vertical e para baixo). <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

P = E \"\" <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>m<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>gelo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>.g = d<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>.g.V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>i<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \"\" <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>i<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> = m<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>gelo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>\/d<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> (I).<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Quando o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>gelo derrete, ocupar\u00e1 um volume V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>A<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>, e lembrando que m<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>gelo <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>= m<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e1gua<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \"\" <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>m<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>gelo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>= d<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>.V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> (II)
\n<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Substituindo <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>(II) em (I<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>) \"\" <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>i<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> = d<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>.V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \/d<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span> \"\" V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>i <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>= V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ou seja, o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>volume de \u00e1gua proveniente do gelo derretido (V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>) \u00e9 igual ao volume de gelo que estava imerso (V<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>i<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sub><\/span>). Portanto, o n\u00edvel da \u00e1gua no balde n\u00e3o se altera.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

O <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>diagrama abaixo representa a temperatura <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>de uma subst\u00e2ncia <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>inicialmente s\u00f3lida <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>em <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>fun\u00e7\u00e3o do tempo, recebendo calor de uma fonte, sob press\u00e3o constante.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Observe que: <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>no <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>trecho AB ela se encontra no estado s\u00f3lido; <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>no <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>trecho BC ela est\u00e1 mudando <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>de <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>estado e sua temperatura de fus\u00e3o-solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 de 0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C; <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>no <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>trecho CD ela est\u00e1 no estado l\u00edquido<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>; no <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>trecho DE ela est\u00e1 mudando de estado e sua temperatura de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o-condensa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 de 60<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e no <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>trecho EF ela est\u00e1 no estado gasoso. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Observe tamb\u00e9m que <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>n\u00e3o \u00e9 a \u00e1gua, pois se vaporiza ou condensa a 60<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C e n\u00e3o a 100<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Regelo<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Quando <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>sujeito a press\u00e3o maior que a normal, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperatura de fus\u00e3o do gelo diminui <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e ele se <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>funde.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> Quando a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o volta ao normal, o gelo se recomp\u00f5e. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Veja na <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>teoria alguns dos importantes fen\u00f4menos que podem ser explicados pelo regelo.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>temperatura de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o-liquefa\u00e7\u00e3o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>da \u00e1gua e da maioria das subst\u00e2ncias <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>aumenta conforme se aumenta a press\u00e3o.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0Se <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>determinada massa de \u00e1gua est\u00e1 se vaporizando, sob press\u00e3o normal, o fen\u00f4meno est\u00e1 ocorrendo a 100<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C e, se voc\u00ea aumentar o tamanho da chama, a temperatura da \u00e1gua continuar\u00e1 sendo de 100<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C, apenas a vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o ser\u00e1 mais r\u00e1pida.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0Ao\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>n\u00edvel do mar<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, a \u00e1gua\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ferve a 100<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>No\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>alto de uma montanha<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>onde a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>press\u00e3o \u00e9 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>menor<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e1gua ferve a uma temperatura\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>menor que 100<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

No\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>fundo de uma mina,<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0a \u00e1gua ferver\u00e1 a uma temperatura<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0maior que 100<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>o<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span>C.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Fraturas hidrot\u00e9rmicas est\u00e3o se abrindo no fundo do mar<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> atrav\u00e9s das quais <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e1gua muito quente <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e9 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>descarregada nos oceanos. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A \u00e1gua que <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>emerge dessas fraturas a uma profundidade de 2400 m possui uma temperatura de 552 K.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"<\/p>\n

Apesar dessa temperatura, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a \u00e1gua <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>n\u00e3o entra em ebuli\u00e7\u00e3o <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>por causa da <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>alta press\u00e3o no fundo do oceano, pois, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a medida que a press\u00e3o aumenta a temperatura de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1gua tamb\u00e9m aumenta.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

A <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e1gua pode ferver sem necessidade de aquecimento quando num recipiente aberto<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, no <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>v\u00e1cuo (press\u00e3o nula) <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ou em <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>grandes altitudes, 27km, onde a press\u00e3o \u00e9 muito baixa.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\"\"<\/p>\n

Nos <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>dias frios, quando uma pessoa expele ar pela boca<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>forma-se <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>uma esp\u00e9cie de <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>“fuma\u00e7a” junto ao rosto. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Isso ocorre porque a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>pessoa expele ar quente e \u00famido que se esfria, ocorrendo a condensa\u00e7\u00e3o dos vapores expelidos.
\n<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0As <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>curvas do gr\u00e1fico <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>recebem o nome de <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>diagrama de estado ou diagrama de fases. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nele, para uma <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>dada subst\u00e2ncia:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span>Curva CB\u00a0 \"\"<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 fornece <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a temperatura e a press\u00e3o, de fus\u00e3o ou solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o e essa curva representa a curva de fus\u00e3o onde os estados s\u00f3lido e l\u00edquido est\u00e3o em equil\u00edbrio.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Curva CD\u00a0 \"\"<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0 fornece <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a temperatura e a press\u00e3o, de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o ou condensa\u00e7\u00e3o e essa curva representa a curva de vaporiza\u00e7\u00e3o onde os estados l\u00edquido e vapor est\u00e3o em equil\u00edbrio.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Curva AC\u00a0\"\" <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0fornece <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>a temperatura e press\u00e3o, de sublima\u00e7\u00e3o ou cristaliza\u00e7\u00e3o e essa curva representa a curva de sublima\u00e7\u00e3o onde os estados s\u00f3lido e vapor est\u00e3o em equil\u00edbrio.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Neste gr\u00e1fico, o\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ponto C<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, comum \u00e0s tr\u00eas curvas recebe o nome de\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>ponto tr\u00edplice<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>e, nele, a <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>subst\u00e2ncia encontra-se em equil\u00edbrio nos tr\u00eas estados: s\u00f3lido, l\u00edquido e vapor.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Confira os exerc\u00edcios com gabarito!<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mudan\u00e7as de estado f\u00edsico da mat\u00e9ria \u00a0 Caracter\u00edsticas moleculares dos s\u00f3lidos Caracter\u00edsticas moleculares dos l\u00edquidos Caracter\u00edsticas moleculares dos gases Os gases n\u00e3o possuem forma pr\u00f3pria e seu volume \u00e9 vari\u00e1vel, j\u00e1 que suas mol\u00e9culas se deslocam em todas as dire\u00e7\u00f5es e sentidos. \u00a0Observe pelo que foi fornecido acima que, se voc\u00ea quiser fazer com que um corpo mude de estado<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2067,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2070","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2070"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2077,"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2070\/revisions\/2077"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fisicaevestibular.com.br\/novo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}